Difference between concurrency vs parallelism

So often people misunderstand between these two phrases. In this short article, we will go over them and how they are implemented in some different programming languages.

Concurrency means we’re doing many things at the same time. For example, we can listen to music while running.

Parallelism we’re doing many things simultaneously. For example, we cannot run while tying our shoes.

How it relates to software programming.

Computer supports parallelism by using OS threads. If your PC is 3 core PCs, that means there are maximum 6 threads that can be run parallels. Some typical examples related to testing to demonstrate difference between them:

Most programming languages support both Concurrency and Parallelisms. However, each of them doing it differently. For example in Go, we have goroutines, which demonstrate both concurrency and parallelisms. The language decides when they run on multiple threads, depends on the loads and the available threads of OS.

But in Rust, parallelism and concurrency are the two separate things. Parallelism can be done by spawing threads:

However, to do concurrency in Rust, we can do it in several ways. The most obvious way is using asynchronous, put it simple with async/await:

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